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Ethylene Glycol Toxicosis
ToxicologyAll SpeciesNew
Key Points
  • Ethylene glycol is a sweet-tasting, colourless, odourless alcohol, commonly used in antifreeze and other household products
  • EG itself can cause “alcohol-like” CNS depression but the major toxicity is caused by its metabolites
  • Toxicosis generally progresses in 3 stages:
    1. Early stage (30mins – 12hrs) – mainly neurological signs
    2. Mid stage (12 – 24hrs) – mainly cardiorespiratory signs
    3. Late stage (24 – 72hrs) – mainly renal signs
  • Early diagnosis and intervention is crucial to prevent the progression of renal failure
  • The main treatment is fomepizole which inhibits formation of toxic metabolites
  • Being aware of hazardous products and educating owners about the risks of toxicosis are key for prevention
Differential Diagnoses
  1. Diabetic ketoacidosis
  2. Leptospirosis
  3. Lily toxicosis (cats)
  4. Grape toxicosis (dogs)
Overview
Aetiology
Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
Resources
Overview

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Aetiology

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Clinical Signs

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Diagnosis

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Treatment

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Prevention

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Resources

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Educational content only. This factsheet is for general veterinary education and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Not for use in an emergency — contact a veterinarian or emergency service. Full disclaimer →