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Diabetes Mellitus
Endocrine and MetabolicAll SpeciesNew
Key Points
  • Diabetes mellitus is a state of persistent hyperglycaemia, either due to inadequate insulin production or insulin resistance
  • Most commonly seen in cats and dogs
  • Key clinical signs include polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and weight loss
    • Complications include diabetic cataracts, peripheral neuropathy, diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state
  • Diagnosis is based on identifying persistent hyperglycaemia, glucosuria and compatible clinical signs
  • Insulin therapy, dietary management and weight control are all key for lifelong control of DM
    • Ongoing monitoring is essential to ensure insulin doses are achieving adequate glycaemic control
Differential Diagnoses
  1. Stress hyperglycaemia
  2. Diabetes insipidus
  3. Hyperthyroidism
  4. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI)
Overview
Aetiology
Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
Resources
Overview

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Aetiology

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Clinical Signs

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Diagnosis

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Treatment

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Prevention

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Resources

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Educational content only. This factsheet is for general veterinary education and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Not for use in an emergency — contact a veterinarian or emergency service. Full disclaimer →