Cantharidin Toxicosis

ToxicologyEquineNew

Key Points

Cantharidin toxicosis occurs when an animal ingests cantharidin
- Most often in alfalfa forage contaminated with blister beetles
Horses are most sensitive to cantharidin but other species can be affected
Blister beetles produce the compound as a chemical defence
Cantharidin is absorbed from the GI tract and excreted by the kidneys, causing vesicant injury as it passes through the body
Clinical signs include acute-onset colic, sweating, muscle fasciculations, dysuria, haematuria or sudden death if high doses are ingested
Diagnosis is usually based on compatible clinical signs and history
As there is no antidote so treatment is supportive care

Differential Diagnoses

NSAID toxicosis (right dorsal colitis)
Quercus (acorn) toxicity
Potomac horse fever
Salmonellosis

Educational content only. This factsheet is for general veterinary education and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Not for use in an emergency — contact a veterinarian or emergency service. Full disclaimer →