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Hyperkalaemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)
MusculoskeletalEquineNew
Key Points
  • Hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis (HYPP) is an inherited skeletal muscle channelopathy caused by a defect in voltage-gated sodium channels
    • Abnormal cell membrane resting potentials results in abnormal action potential generation and impaired skeletal muscle contraction
  • Primarily seen in Quarter Horses and other related breeds
  • Episodes cause muscle fasciculations, tremors, weakness and third eyelid prolapse
    • Horses are clinically normal between episodes
  • Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation as well as DNA testing and checking serum potassium levels
  • Treatment focuses on stabilisation during episodes and long-term control with management changes and acetazolamide
  • Consistent routines, controlled exercise and reducing dietary potassium intake all help to prevent future episodes
Differential Diagnoses
  1. Extensional rhabdomyolysis (‘tying-up’)
  2. Polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM)
  3. Botulism
Overview
Aetiology
Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
Resources
Overview

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Aetiology

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Clinical Signs

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Diagnosis

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Treatment

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Prevention

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Resources

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Educational content only. This factsheet is for general veterinary education and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Not for use in an emergency — contact a veterinarian or emergency service. Full disclaimer →