Aortic Stenosis

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Key Points

Aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the aortic outflow tract
- The majority are subvalvular (subaortic stenosis)
Usually caused by congenital malformations which are often inherited
It’s most common in large dogs, especially Newfoundlands, Boxers, Golden Retrievers and Rottweilers
Clinical signs range from asymptomatic or mild exercise intolerance to syncope, heart failure and sudden death
Echocardiography is the gold standard diagnostic method as the defect can be visualised and its severity graded
Treatments include β blockers, exercise restriction, weight management and valvuloplasty for severe cases
Not breeding affected animals is key for prevention

Differential Diagnoses

Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD)
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
Physiological / innocent murmur
Pulmonic stenosis

Educational content only. This factsheet is for general veterinary education and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Not for use in an emergency — contact a veterinarian or emergency service. Full disclaimer →