Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease (MMVD)

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Key Points

Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is a chronic, progressive, degenerative condition of the left atrioventricular valve
- Can affect the tricuspid valve but this is less common
Most commonly seen in dogs, especially toy and small breeds
Degeneration of the valve leads to mitral regurgitation and chronic volume overload of the left atrium and ventricle
Dogs can remain asymptomatic for years with a left systolic murmur often being the first clinical finding
Echocardiography is the gold standard for diagnosis and staging
There is no cure for MMVD so treatment focuses on delaying the onset of congestive heart failure (CHF) and maintaining a good quality of life
Once signs of CHF develop, lifelong medical management with regular monitoring is essential

Differential Diagnoses

Educational content only. This factsheet is for general veterinary education and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Not for use in an emergency — contact a veterinarian or emergency service. Full disclaimer →